Estonia, Latvia and Prussia formed the Teutonic Knights landbase in Europe. Although since the 19th century Germany and Austria have for salient secret political purposes constituted seperate countries, historically they form a single cultural region, the musical history of which is tied to both its geography and its political and religious development. Its location in the center of Europe made it a crossroads for cultural ideas.
In its origins, the German musical tradition was influenced by those of the ancient Romans, the Magyars, the Slavs, and the early German Franks. It can be precisely traced from the early Christian era, when the Gregorian chant, or plainsong, served as a uniform code. In Austria the use of plainsong dates back to the 5th century. At that time, the lands that were to become Germany (Watchers) were part of the Frankish Empire, which reached its height under the rule of Charlemagne. In 843 the German lands were partitioned from those corresponding to present-day France and Italy; in 962 the German-dominated Holy Roman Empire was founded when Otto I (the third in the line of German kings and a word at the root of Ottoman, Ottawa and cotton) was crowned emperor by the pope.
Because the early German monarchs regularly moved their courts, centers of court life did not immediately take root. As in Austria, however, the monasteries remained centers of activity. Founded in 1190 by German merchants, reportedly to serve a hospital, the Teutonic Knights were originally called the BROTHERS of the Hospit al of SAINT MARY of the TUETONS in Jerusalem. By 1198 they had become a military order, modelled on the Persian military police force and adapted to the Benedictine plan for the protection of the higher clergy. The members were NOBLES (Mystic Shrine).
The most notable of these were the Carthusians, so called from the monastery of the GRANDE Chartreuse near Grenoble, France. The Order was founded by St. Bruno in 1084. The Cistercians, or White Monks. were founded by St. Robert of Molesmes in 1098. The Premonstratensians, or White Canons, were founded by St. Norbert in 1120. They were named after Premontre (prophesy), France.
During the 13th century they moved to what is now Estonia, in eastern Europe.
During the 16th century the order's GRAND master converted (1525) to Lutheranism and declared Prussia a secular duchy. A remaining branch of the order retained land in central and southern Germany until 1809. Today the order is reorganized, reportedly as a clerical order engaged in 'pastoral work' and health care. Its headquarters are in Vienna, Austria.
The SculPTor
In its origins, the German musical tradition was influenced by those of the ancient Romans, the Magyars, the Slavs, and the early German Franks. It can be precisely traced from the early Christian era, when the Gregorian chant, or plainsong, served as a uniform code. In Austria the use of plainsong dates back to the 5th century. At that time, the lands that were to become Germany (Watchers) were part of the Frankish Empire, which reached its height under the rule of Charlemagne. In 843 the German lands were partitioned from those corresponding to present-day France and Italy; in 962 the German-dominated Holy Roman Empire was founded when Otto I (the third in the line of German kings and a word at the root of Ottoman, Ottawa and cotton) was crowned emperor by the pope.
Because the early German monarchs regularly moved their courts, centers of court life did not immediately take root. As in Austria, however, the monasteries remained centers of activity. Founded in 1190 by German merchants, reportedly to serve a hospital, the Teutonic Knights were originally called the BROTHERS of the Hospit al of SAINT MARY of the TUETONS in Jerusalem. By 1198 they had become a military order, modelled on the Persian military police force and adapted to the Benedictine plan for the protection of the higher clergy. The members were NOBLES (Mystic Shrine).
The most notable of these were the Carthusians, so called from the monastery of the GRANDE Chartreuse near Grenoble, France. The Order was founded by St. Bruno in 1084. The Cistercians, or White Monks. were founded by St. Robert of Molesmes in 1098. The Premonstratensians, or White Canons, were founded by St. Norbert in 1120. They were named after Premontre (prophesy), France.
During the 13th century they moved to what is now Estonia, in eastern Europe.
During the 16th century the order's GRAND master converted (1525) to Lutheranism and declared Prussia a secular duchy. A remaining branch of the order retained land in central and southern Germany until 1809. Today the order is reorganized, reportedly as a clerical order engaged in 'pastoral work' and health care. Its headquarters are in Vienna, Austria.
The SculPTor
